Calender
- a machine intended to smooth or otherwise finish the
paper and consisting essentially of a certain number of
superimposed rolls of which only one is power driven.
Caliper
- is the thickness of a single sheet. The results are
expressed in microns, 1000 microns equals 1 millimetre.
The instrument used is the Micrometer.
Carbon Paper
- thin woodfree or part mechanical paper coated on one
side with colouring agent or carbon black dispersed in
a suitable medium which is transferred to a sheet of paper
underneath when pressure is applied.
Carton Board -
a material of defined thickness and weight made from one
or more layers of fibrous cellulose material to form a
rigid or semi-rigid construction.
Capacity Utilisation Rate
- indicates the efficiency (%) at which a mill or machine
is operating.
Cartridge Paper
- paper made from chemical woodpulp having good strength
and a rough surface.
Centre or Core
- a steel, wood or cardboard tube on which paper is reeled,
or re-reeled.
Chemical Pulp
- pulp made by cooking the wood in the presence of chemical
agents (acids or alkali) which eliminates most of the
non-fibrous material.
Chemi-Thermo Mechanical
Pulp (CTMP) - same as TMP only
chips are also sprayed with chemicals.
China Clay -
a mineral, used by papermakers to obtain finish and consistency;
also for coating art and chromo paper. Also called Kaolin.
Chip Board
- a board made from waste paper used mainly in packaging,
especially with a white liner and coating.
Clean Edge
- a very fine perf line which simulates the effect of
a guillotine cut edge (also known as a microperf).
Closed System
- the system of operating a paper or board making machine
whereby the water drained from the sheet during formation
is collected and returned for re-use. Instead of being
discharged to waste.
Clothing
- the felts, wires and fabrics used on a papermaking machine.
Coated Paper -
paper to which a coating has been applied on one or both
sides, using a mix of clay or carbonates and latex to
create a high quality printing surface.
Cockle
- local deformation of a sheet of paper due to unequal
shrinkage giving it a slightly crumpled appearance.
Conditioned Paper -
paper which has been treated, at the mill or at the point
of use, to adjust the moisture content of the paper to
what is considered to be an optimum level for flatness
and stability.
Consistency
- dry solids content (%) of pulp present in a pulp slurry.
Contraries
- materials unsuitable for papermaking, present in some
raw materials and waste paper (eg. Paperclips, string,
plastics etc).
Converting
- a manufacturing plant which uses paper to make paper-based
products, such as packaging or consumer products.
Corrugated Board
- consists of one or more sheets of fluted paper stuck
between flat sheets of paper or board.
Cross Perf -
line of perforations running across the width of a continuous
form, at both head and foot of the form, or sometimes
in the middle of the form.
Curl
- deformation of a sheet of paper or board over all its
surface, which therefore tends to roll up into the form
of a cylinder.
Cutting Ahead
- operation of slitting and cutting watermarked paper
without regard to where the design falls in each sheet.
Design(s) may fall in different places in successive sheets
and some may be cut.
Cutting To Register - slitting
and cutting of watermarked paper so that watermark design
falls in a given position on every sheet.
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